Juxtaposition in illustration refers to the act of putting two elements together so as to suggest a relationship. The importance lies with the connection between the two. A connection must be suggested. The easiest way to do this is in still life where you have control over the objects you want to place together. It is not as easy in real life situations.
Another way of combining images is to find a viewpoint - together with an appropriate focal lens - that shows the two elements together. Use can be made of the eye-line of the subject to direct the viewer to something else that would be otherwise insignificant or lost to the viewer. You can also use a suitable focal length to exaggerate the size of your subject in relation to another element in your image. For example, if you stood back and used a telephoto lens when shooting a child with an elephant you would be able to exaggerate the size of the elephant dwarfing the child. A wide angle lens can equally have an effect similar to this where you zoom in close on one subject to make the subject in the background look smaller.
Juxtaposition can be seen in many street photographers work. David Gibson the London based photographer is well known for his visual puns and juxtapositions as is Nils Jorgensen.
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